Process for the treatment of composition and cementitious materials



Nov. 19, 1935. D. H. LEVINE 2,021,513

PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT or COMPOSITION AND'CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS Filed Aug 25. 1934 flaw/Z 65 INVENTOR -WRNEY V 1 g es N v- 19 3 Jamaal-ass m a I MP ITION ann-cnm'flnous 4M1 swerveaw]. sinuous aw 25am,assumin -15 V My invention relates treating composition and cementitious'materials' and refers particularly-tov steps in the process of treat-.-

ing-suchldeposits suitable for 'l'08d8pw81k8, foundationsandsimilar purpom. i

Y My process particularly advantaseous in the building 'of'compositio'n and -cementitious materials for road purposes and Iwill refer specifically V to such production, but-not limiting my in vention 'theretorf V w In the building of a composition concrete'sroad the concrete is laid down upon and spread over a suitable foundation material in a wet condition and it mustibe allowed to age, or dry, under such.

conditions as will'cause aneffective binding betweenthe'materials of the composition.- Experience hasisho'wn that if the" concrete is allowed to "drytoo' rapidly, the surfaceisedried befo're the interior of the masspresultinggin an 20 uneven binding of the materialsof the compo-,

v "sition' thus producing an uneven, and ineffective material for 'tramc which "is :liable to f crack anddisintegra te;

It is, therefore; necessary to control" the ra-' g pidity of the evaporation of the water in :the con crete mass in such a manner that itwill occur upwardly from the interior of the mass; the surface'being thelast toha'rden. The usual' practiee followed to'accomplishthis desired result is tocover the surface of the newly laid concrete withphurlap, hay or straw and to pour water"'overthis coveringfrom' time to time. thuskeeping the concrete face in 'a moistened conditionand allowing of. the upward evapora-- s tion of the water in the mass.

As the covering materials now employed are non-absorbent or only slightly absorbent of water, the greater portion of the applied water. runs through the covering and'away from the con- 40 crete surface and is hence ineffectivefor the.

desired remit.

In practice it been found that this cover ing must have water'poured, or spinkled, upon it every two or three hours for a period of about 45 seven days. and as water is frequentlydimcult to obtainalong the roadway, this process is exlaid cone ete -be coveredlwith' anathema V webfofloosely-matted water-absorbent: material, the evaporation of thewater of the concrete mass =wiil-take place evenly-lover; its lentire surfaces. and

hence evenly throughout the-massfand-ihat a 5 satisfactory result can usuallyvlbe O ained within a period ofseventy tw0-, l

I have further found that usuallylthelsvater contained. inthe saturated y eb is suiiicient to accomplish thegdesired result, =;a1though additional water may be applied if I As my .device is-inthe form; of a web, or pad,

can 8M 1! d ick y i swathsface of the concrete.,;it.- overcomes the difficulty incident .to the'spreadingfof hay and straw,- and 15 as it can be as easily removed as: ajunit construction i thereare n0, .8...;ms rials I-requir-v ins collecti n-and removal.

' Furtherasmyjdevicccan be for repeated operations it, presents a vverrconsiderable i saving in money'investrnentw My invention consists in the of a :web; or pad; of loosely matted fibrous water-absorbent materialasuchi-:as zcotton of 7 sufficient strength to permit considerable orsustained han- I dlinmand'if necessary, it may be covered by attached. layers of an. easily waerpermeable fabric whichwill allow-of the unimpeded evaporation of-watertherethrough I" prefer that these outer layers beof net-like construction of iute,"cotton. wool or other-sultable threads. v

a web may be or mama-1nd length, but

it-is ofcourse advisable tomake it of the size of the standard road dimensions. as

1 In following the process of, my invention, 1 prefer to pass my web, or padrthrough a trough of water so as to thoroughly soak it" and then spread it uponthe freshly laid concrete and experience has shown that the amount of water thus ab 4 -sorbed'is usually sufficient for the-proper evaporation of the water, in the concrete mass and that further water need not, be applied.

Thedryweborpaimaybespreaduponthe concrete mass. and water sprinkled thereover. but

:the same uniformity ofwater absorption can not be thus obtained as ispossible by the first describedmethod.

when the water has evaporated from my device and the concrete mass, my 'device is roiled, preferably on a wooden rod, through a trough of water. and-spread upon a new ofconcrete. I

[lathe drawina illustrating one 'form of a device suitable for my process, similar parts are designated by similar numerals.

Figure 1 is a top plan view of one form of a device adapted to the process ofmy invention. Figure 2 is a section throughthe line 22 of Figure l.

Figure 3 is a top plan view of the device placed upon a concrete-cement deposit, broken away for clearness of description. 7

The device shownin the accompanying draw-' ing as suitable for application in my process consists of a sheet, web, or pad, of loosely matted cotton it, which is enclosed in an upper and lower net-like material formed by the jute threads ll-l l. The jute nettings' are attached to each other and to the cotton pad by means of stitchings In Figure 3 showing the application of the device of Figures 1 and 2, the deposit mass consists of a concrete bed l2, covered by a cement layer ii. The web device I0, ii is'spread upon the freshly laid concrete cement deposit as shown and the combination allowed'to dry by evaporation, or V the dry device is spread upon the deposit and then moistened and allowed to dry by evaporation.

Among the other advantages possessed by the following of my process are the protection of the deposit from the influence of the sunand weather, the prevention of the deposit from sudden! changes of temperature, and the gradual cooling of the deposit through the-mattedmaterial.

7 Experiments have shown that because of the properties of the materials employed in my process, and particularly because of the uniform moisture content of the deposit during curing, thefieirua'l strength of the finished product is very considerably increased.

' By composition and cementitious materials 1 mean deposits of compositions and mixtures of cementitious materials which when deposited in a wet condition and allowed to dry will produce hard substances adapted for tramc and other uses 1 c I v Itwill thusbeseen that in my process I'employ an-inexpensive device, capable of re-use,'for the production of improved and more uniform results at a considerablesaving of time and expense over the present employed methods.

I do not limit myself to the particular products and stepsof procedure specifically mentioned, as

for clearly these aregiven simply as a means describing my invention.

What I claim is: l 1. A process for treating cementitious materials which comprises spreading a pad of loosely pad.. v

on both sides .by a loosely woven netting over a massof freshly laid wet "compositions or cementitious materials and applying water" to said pad and allowing the water to evaporate from said deposit and said pad.

- 3. A process for treating a concrete deposit which comprises spreading a pad of loosely mattedcotton covered on both sides by a loosely woven netting over a mass of freshly laid wet concrete deposit and applying water'to said pad and" allowing the water to evaporate from said deposit and said Dad.

4. A process for treating a concrete deposit which comprises spreading a padof loosely matted cotton attachedbystitches to and covered on both sides by a loosely woven netting over a 'mass of freshly laid wet concrete deposit and applying water to-said pad and allowing-the water to evaporate from saiddeposit and said pad.

5.- A process for treatingcement and cementitious materials which comprises spreading a wet pad of loosely matted cotton covered on both sides by loosely woven netting over a mass of freshly laid wet composition or cementitious material and allowing the water to evaporate from said deposit and said pad. V r

, 6. 'A process for-treating cement and cementitious materialswhich comprises spreading a wet pad of loosely matted cotton attached by stitches to and covered on'both sides of loosely woven nettingovera mass of freshly laidwet composition or cementitious material and allowingthe water to evaporate from said deposit and said pad.

"'l.=A process for treating a concret deposit which comprises spreading a wetpad of loosely matted cotton covered on both sides by a loosely woven netting over. a mass of freshly laid wet concrete and allowing the water to evaporate from said deposit and saidpad. I

-8. A process-for treating a concrete deposit which comprises spreading a wet pad of loosely matted cotton attached by stitching to and covered on both sides by a loosely woven netting over a mass of freshly laid wet concrete and allowing the water to evaporatefrom said deposit and said DAVIDNYH. LEVINE. u 

